In 2025, fire departments serving Kapaau responded to 11 fire and hazmat incidents — from cooking fires to gas leaks to a single $158K building blaze. Here's the full picture.
Brush, or brush and grass mixture fire lead by count. Building fires lead by dollars. Together the top five categories make up about 82% of all calls.
Sep peaks. May dips. Watch for the typical fall climb starting in October.
58 incidents 2021–2025. Peak year was 2024. $848K cumulative property loss.
| Year | Incidents | YoY | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 11 | — | |
| 2022 | 9 | -18.2% | |
| 2023 | 13 | +44.4% | |
| 2024 | 14 | +7.7% | |
| 2025 | 11 | -21.4% |
For the 1 building fires Kapaau departments responded to in 2025, here's how they were classified once investigators were finished.
NFIRS Area of Origin (AREA_ORIG) for the 19 building fires investigators classified across 2021–2025. The room or location where ignition occurred — kitchens, bedrooms, exterior, vehicle areas — tells you where to focus prevention.
| # | Area of origin | Count | Share | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Open area - outside; included are farmland, field | 4 | 21.1% | |
| 2 | Wildland, woods | 3 | 15.8% | |
| 3 | Engine area, running gear, wheel area | 2 | 10.5% | |
| 4 | Undetermined | 2 | 10.5% | |
| 5 | Other | 1 | 5.3% | |
| 6 | Common room, den, family room, living room, lounge | 1 | 5.3% | |
| 7 | Bedroom - < 5 persons; included are jail or prison | 1 | 5.3% | |
| 8 | Bathroom, checkroom, lavatory, locker room | 1 | 5.3% | |
| 9 | Vehicle storage area; garage, carport | 1 | 5.3% | |
| 10 | Vehicle area, other | 1 | 5.3% | |
| 11 | All other areas | 2 | 10.5% |
NFIRS Heat Source (HEAT_SOURC) — the physical thing that started it. Spark or ember from operating equipment, an open flame, smoking materials, or hot embers from a fireplace are the leading culprits nationwide. Here's the Kapaau mix.
| # | Heat source | Count | Share | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Undetermined | 11 | 57.9% | |
| 2 | Heat source: other | 2 | 10.5% | |
| 3 | Radiated, conducted heat from operating equipment | 1 | 5.3% | |
| 4 | Hot ember or ash | 1 | 5.3% | |
| 5 | Heat from other open flame or smoking materials | 1 | 5.3% | |
| 6 | Chemical reaction | 1 | 5.3% | |
| 7 | Heat from direct flame, convection currents | 1 | 5.3% | |
| 8 | Flying brand, ember, spark | 1 | 5.3% |
Largest single-incident property losses reported by Kapaau departments in 2025. These 1 fires alone account for 100% of the city's annual total.
| # | Property loss | Type | Severity | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | $157,500 | Building fires | Significant | Investigated |
Per-capita rates let us compare apples to apples. Kapaau sits below the national average for incidents per resident.
Top 25 wildfires (1992+) in the FPA-FOD ignitions database, scaled by acres. 120,758 acres burned in this 50-mile radius. Each dot is a fire — bigger dots burned more land.
| Year | Cause | Acres | Distance | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2005 | Missing data/not specified/undetermined | 25,000 | 17.7 mi | |
| 2018 | Missing data/not specified/undetermined | 18,000 | 25.1 mi | |
| 1999 | Missing data/not specified/undetermined | 10,000 | 27.7 mi | |
| 2007 | Missing data/not specified/undetermined | 9,138 | 21.5 mi | |
| 1998 | Missing data/not specified/undetermined | 6,500 | 24.9 mi | |
| 2016 | Arson/incendiarism | 5,800 | 40.8 mi | |
| 1999 | Missing data/not specified/undetermined | 5,000 | 29.0 mi | |
| 2015 | Equipment and vehicle use | 3,884 | 14.9 mi | |
| 2006 | Missing data/not specified/undetermined | 2,839 | 39.5 mi | |
| 2008 | Missing data/not specified/undetermined | 2,800 | 39.8 mi | |
| 2005 | Missing data/not specified/undetermined | 2,800 | 21.9 mi | |
| 1992 | Recreation and ceremony | 2,800 | 14.4 mi |
Top 1 ZIP codes by NFIRS incident count across 2021–2025. Each ZIP has its own fire profile — dive in for neighborhood-level context.
| # | ZIP | 5-yr incidents | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 96755 | 58 |
Six Hawaii cities with population within ±25% of Kapaau. Useful comparison targets — same state, similar size, different fire profile.
A 30-minute weekend can cut your home's exposure substantially. These four checklists are a good starting point.
Numbers reflect incidents reported by participating fire departments to the National Fire Incident Reporting System (NFIRS) Public Data Release for calendar year 2025. NFIRS is voluntary — about 23,000 of roughly 30,000 US fire departments report — so totals are a strong indicator, not a complete census. Per-capita comparisons use 2023 ACS population estimates. Wildland fire data complements NFIRS with NIFC and USFS perimeters. Active-fire counts come from a dated NIFC snapshot, not a live feed.