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2025 State Fire Report

Fires in California

In 2025, fire departments across California responded to 200,720 fire and hazmat incidents — including the DIXIE wildfire that burned 963,309 acres in 2021.

37,484,147 residents 58 counties 4,079 reporting cities 66 active
National context

Where California sits

California ranks #1 in cumulative acres burned in the NIFC perimeter atlas. Hover any state to compare; click to drill in.

California highlighted on the US fire map
<100k100k+1M+5M+15M+ None on record
Total acres burned (NIFC perimeter history)
Total incidents
200,720
1,083,396 across 5 years
Building fires
12,202
6.1% of all incidents
Wildland fires
24,762
10 historical perimeters on record
Casualties
108 / 605
108 civ deaths · 255 civ inj · 350 ff inj
01 The mix

What kinds of fires happen in California?

Outside rubbish, trash or waste fire lead by count. Top five categories cover roughly 46% of all calls.

200,720
Total Incidents
Outside rubbish, trash or waste fire 44,207 22.0%
Outside rubbish fire, other 13,089 6.5%
Building fires 12,202 6.1%
Gas leak (natural gas or LPG) 12,199 6.1%
Passenger vehicle fire 10,976 5.5%
All other categories 108,047 53.8%
02 Seasonality

When do fires happen?

Jan peaks. Dec dips. (Latest year: 2025.)

Jan 24,161
Feb 15,280
Mar 15,800
Apr 15,231
May 18,757
Jun 18,631
Jul 20,846
Aug 18,075
Sep 15,142
Oct 14,341
Nov 13,233
Dec 11,223
03 Smoothed seasonality

Average monthly fires 2021–2025

5-year cumulative seasonality smooths out single-year noise. Jul peaks across the window; Dec dips.

Jan 100,488
Feb 85,741
Mar 85,342
Apr 83,239
May 94,953
Jun 99,169
Jul 108,277
Aug 91,738
Sep 83,477
Oct 85,856
Nov 85,278
Dec 79,838
04 Five-year trend

Year over year in California

1,083,396 incidents from 2021 through 2025 across all reporting departments.

YearIncidents 
2021 200,274
2022 222,190
2023 231,651
2024 228,561
2025 200,720
05 Cause of ignition

What sparks building fires in California?

For the 12,202 building fires departments responded to in 2025, here's how investigators classified them.

Unintentional
32%
13,968
Cause undetermined
35%
15,401
Intentional / arson
14%
6,160
Equipment / heat source failure
10%
4,597
Under investigation
7%
3,297
Act of nature (lightning)
2%
299
5b Causes by category

Top ignition causes in California

Combined NFIRS + FPA-FOD totals across the available reporting window. Click a cause to see how it plays out nationwide.

#CauseIncidentsFOD vs NFIRSAcres 
1 Undetermined / missing 222,476 95,263 / 127,213 6,179,765
2 Arson / incendiarism 76,015 24,412 / 51,603 1,520,117
3 Equipment & vehicle use 72,311 45,660 / 26,651 2,597,951
4 Natural (lightning) 32,195 30,290 / 1,905 7,267,805
5 Debris & open burning 20,861 20,861 / 0 489,567
6 Recreation & ceremony 11,453 11,453 / 0 1,170,234
7 Misuse of fire by a minor 9,316 9,316 / 0 133,794
8 Smoking 8,472 8,472 / 0 120,017
9 Other causes 4,604 784 / 3,820 233,346
10 Power generation / utility 3,677 3,677 / 0 986,481
11 Railroad operations 773 773 / 0 75,738
12 Fireworks 645 645 / 0 47,743
5c Topics

Cross-cutting fire topics in California

Topical groupings of NFIRS incident types — building, cooking, electrical, vehicle, and more. Each links to its national rollup.

#TopicIncidentsLossDeaths 
1 Outdoor fires 463,002 $1.2B 52
2 Rubbish / refuse 315,745 $101.5M 16
3 Building fires 165,524 $4.5B 419
4 Wildland fires 133,714 $1.2B 36
5 Electrical / wiring 128,299 $9.8M 0
6 Gas leaks 96,149 $1.0M 0
7 Vehicle fires 85,718 $1.2B 271
8 Cooking-related 38,958 $5.6M 0
9 Arson 23,857 $1.1B 15
06 The biggest fires

10 fires · $1.4B in losses

Largest single-incident property losses statewide in 2025. These 10 fires alone account for 60% of California's total.

#Property lossCityTypeSeverity
1 $999,999,999 Gilroy Fire, other Catastrophic
2 $150,000,000 Riverdale Aircraft fire Catastrophic
3 $100,000,000 San Diego Forest, woods or wildland fire Catastrophic
4 $100,000,000 Pacific Palisades Brush, or brush and grass mixture fire Catastrophic
5 $25,000,000 Palm Springs Mobile property (vehicle) fire, other Catastrophic
6 $25,000,000 CARLSBAD Fire, other Catastrophic
7 $20,000,000 IRVINE Building fires Catastrophic
8 $10,000,000 EL SEGUNDO Fires in structures other than in a building Catastrophic
9 $10,000,000 Templeton Building fires Catastrophic
10 $7,000,000 Kern County Building fires Catastrophic
07 How California compares

California vs the nation

Per-capita rates let us compare California apples-to-apples to the national average.

5.35
Incidents per 1,000 residents
CA
5.35
US avg
7.48
0.33
Building fires per 1,000 residents
CA
0.33
US avg
0.85
2.9
Civilian fire deaths per million
CA
2.9
US avg
5.9
08 Cities

Top cities in California

12 largest reporting cities by population.

09 Counties

Top counties in California

Top 10 counties by reported NFIRS incidents in 2025.

#CountyIncidentsPopulation
1 Los Angeles County 51,087 9,851,625
2 Sacramento County 10,839 1,565,763
3 Fresno County 10,553 893,144
4 San Bernardino County 10,120 2,057,707
5 Riverside County 9,900 2,345,155
6 Santa Clara County 7,546 1,881,848
7 San Joaquin County 7,334 703,584
8 San Diego County 7,187 3,129,644
9 Kern County 6,810 852,949
10 Alameda County 6,459 1,659,177
10 Per-capita

Highest fire rates by county

Top 10 counties by NFIRS incidents per 1,000 residents (population ≥ 50,000). Surfaces signal beyond the mega-counties.

#CountyInc / 1kIncidentsPopulation 
1 Nevada County 25.56 1,360 53,203
2 Yuba County 12.72 903 70,963
3 Yolo County 11.85 2,457 207,422
4 Fresno County 11.82 10,553 893,144
5 Butte County 11.64 2,197 188,740
6 Merced County 10.83 2,659 245,537
7 Madera County 10.51 1,385 131,737
8 San Joaquin County 10.42 7,334 703,584
9 Shasta County 10.18 1,529 150,205
10 Sutter County 10.12 748 73,948
11 First responders

Busiest fire departments in California

By incident count in 2025.

LOS ANGELES CITY FD
—
FDID 19105 28,448 incidents
LOS ANGELES COUNTY FD
—
FDID 19110 13,089 incidents
FRESNO FD
—
FDID 10030 7,051 incidents
KERN COUNTY FD
—
FDID 15010 6,267 incidents
SAN FRANCISCO FD
—
FDID 38005 5,478 incidents
12 Largest fires on record

Top 10 wildfires in California history

By acres burned. Sourced from the NIFC InterAgency Fire Perimeter History.

#NameYearAgencyAcres
1 DIXIE 2021 USFS 963,309
2 DOE 2020 USFS 589,835
3 PARK 2024 CDF 429,602
4 Ranch 2018 USFS 410,202
5 Ranch 2018 BLM 410,200
6 CREEK 2020 USFS 379,881
7 HOPKINS 2020 USFS 328,621
8 Claremont 2020 USFS 318,776
9 Rush 2012 BLM 307,083
10 Rush 2012 BLM 306,810
13 Decade by decade

Wildfire perimeters in California, by decade

20296 perimeters and 38,803,282 acres recorded since 1900.

DecadeFiresAcresActivity
1900s 46 63,949
1910s 752 921,736
1920s 841 1,809,048
1930s 681 917,675
1940s 754 1,199,204
1950s 1,485 2,512,800
1960s 1,079 1,991,754
1970s 1,905 3,216,236
1980s 2,764 2,648,347
1990s 2,126 2,990,069
2000s 2,620 5,138,988
2010s 3,187 9,106,029
2020s 2,056 6,287,447
14 Cause shift over time

How wildfire causes have shifted in California

FPA-FOD ignitions by decade, broken down by cause category. Each row sums to the decade's total; the bars show the share each cause contributed.

Decade Total fires Share by cause
1990s 67,997
2000s 93,693
2010s 79,993
2020s 10,198
Missing data/not specified/undetermined Equipment and vehicle use Natural Arson/incendiarism Debris and open burning Recreation and ceremony Misuse of fire by a minor Other
15 Wildfire seasonality

When wildfires ignite in California

FPA-FOD ignitions by month, all years on record. Distinct from NFIRS — captures unreported wildlands across rural and remote terrain. 251,881 ignitions total.

Jan 4,810
Feb 4,417
Mar 5,762
Apr 11,212
May 25,027
Jun 40,159
Jul 53,011
Aug 41,887
Sep 30,707
Oct 20,178
Nov 9,711
Dec 5,000
16 Who gets hurt

Casualty demographics in California

4,716 fire-related casualties recorded in NFIRS Module 11 across the 5-year window. Age and gender are coarse-binned for privacy.

AgeCount 
0-9 204
10-19 129
20-29 785
30-39 1,116
40-49 927
50-59 603
60-69 392
70-79 248
80+ 150
Civilian vs firefighter
Civilian 2,697 FF 2,019
Gender
M 3,746 F 970 Unk 0
Severity (1=minor → 5=fatal)
2,064
1
665
2
521
3
602
4
793
5

About this data

State totals reflect incidents reported by fire departments to NFIRS for 2025. The 5-year totals span 2021 through 2025. Wildfire perimeters and decade-by-decade counts are sourced from the NIFC InterAgency Fire Perimeter History service. NFIRS reporting is voluntary, so totals are a strong indicator rather than a complete census.